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C of O vs Governor’s Consent: What’s the Difference?

Legal & Documentation October 4, 2026 1 min read Tunde Bakare
C of O vs Governor’s Consent: What’s the Difference?

Two of the most common land titles in Nigeria explained in plain language, and when each one applies.

These two documents are often confused, yet they serve different purposes.

Certificate of Occupancy (C of O)

A C of O is issued by the state government and grants the holder the right to occupy and use land for a stated period, typically 99 years.

Governor’s Consent

Governor’s Consent is the state governor’s approval required when a title holder transfers land to someone else. It formalises the change of ownership.

Which one do you need?

If you are buying from the original title holder you will usually receive a deed and later perfect your title. If you are buying land that already has a C of O from a previous owner, Governor’s Consent is normally required to register the transfer. Always ask a property lawyer to confirm the right route for your plot.

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